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Computational Neuroscience

Computational models of the brain, neural coding, and brain-computer interfaces.

q-bio.NC · 115 papers

Letting the neural code speak: Automated characterization of monkey visual neurons through human language

A novel framework uses generative models and neural digital twins to characterize monkey visual neurons with concise, verifiable natural language descriptions.

2605.12485May 12, 2026Vedang Lad, Katrin Franke, Tamar Rott Shaham +4

Empirical scaling laws in balanced networks with conductance-based synapses

Recurrent neural networks with conductance-based synapses and spike correlations produce realistic membrane potential variability.

2605.12404May 12, 2026Vicky Zhu, Gabriel Ocker, Robert Rosenbaum

Self-organized MT Direction Maps Emerge from Spatiotemporal Contrastive Optimization

A spatiotemporal TDANN model, trained with self-supervised learning, spontaneously generates brain-like direction maps in the visual cortex.

2605.11718May 12, 2026Zhaotian Gu, Molan Li, Jie Su +3

Accounting for Missed Events in the Bayesian Modeling of IP3R Multimodal Gating

A Bayesian approach with missed event correction refines IP3R channel gating models, clarifying its multimodal behavior and kinetic parameters.

2605.11675May 12, 2026Schayma Ben Marzougui, Audrey Denizot, Hugues Berry

Positive Alignment: Artificial Intelligence for Human Flourishing

This paper introduces "Positive Alignment," an AI research agenda focused on developing systems that actively support human and ecological flourishing beyond just safety.

2605.10310May 11, 2026Ruben Laukkonen, Seb Krier, Chloé Bakalar +13

Predictive and feedback signals differently shape the formation of group-level and individualized language representations

This study shows that prediction shapes group-level language learning, while feedback explains individual differences in adult language acquisition.

2605.09409May 10, 2026Shuguang Yang, Shaoyun Yu, Xin Jiang +2

How Much is Brain Data Worth for Machine Learning?

This paper quantifies the value of brain data for machine learning, deriving scaling laws and exchange rates between brain and task samples.

2605.09243May 10, 2026Lane Lewis, Zhixin Wang, David Schwab +1

Meow-Omni 1: A Multimodal Large Language Model for Feline Ethology

Meow-Omni 1 is the first quad-modal MLLM for feline ethology, fusing video, audio, physiology, and text to achieve SOTA intent recognition.

2605.09152May 9, 2026Jucheng Hu, Zhangquan Chen, Yulin Chen +9

Automated Optical Density Normalization for Myelin Quantification: Cross-Modal Validation with 7T Ex Vivo MRI

This paper introduces an automated pipeline for normalizing optical density in myelin histopathology, improving quantitative analysis and cross-modal correlation with MRI.

2605.08711May 9, 2026Zahra Khodakarami, Sheina Emrani, Pulkit Khandelwal +21

NeuralBench: A Unifying Framework to Benchmark NeuroAI Models

NeuralBench is a unified open-source framework for systematically benchmarking AI models of brain activity, including a large EEG benchmark.

2605.08495May 8, 2026Hubert Banville, Stéphane d'Ascoli, Simon Dahan +12

Reason to Play: Behavioral and Brain Alignment Between Frontier LRMs and Human Game Learners

Frontier Large Reasoning Models (LRMs) align with human game learning behavior and brain activity, outperforming deep reinforcement learning.

2605.08019May 8, 2026Botos Csaba, Sreejan Kumar, Austin Tudor David Andrews +6

Dynamical mechanisms of flexible phase-locking in cortical theta oscillators

This paper reveals how multi-timescale inhibitory currents enable cortical theta oscillators to flexibly phase-lock to a wide range of rhythmic inputs.

2605.08014May 8, 2026Yangyang Wang, Benjamin R. Pittman-Polletta

Learning Cross-Atlas Consistent Brain Disorder Representations via Disentangled Multi-Atlas Functional Connectivity Learning

MADCLE learns cross-atlas consistent brain disorder representations from fMRI functional connectivity by disentangling disease-related factors from atlas-specific and covariate noise.

2605.07026May 7, 2026Minheng Chen, Chao Cao, Jing Zhang +2

Partitioning Neural Co-Variability

Introduces PMNLV, a novel model to partition neural co-variability, revealing shared population gain covariance peaks in primary visual cortex.

2605.06995May 7, 2026Skyler Thomas, Brandon J. Zhu, Kathleen E. Cullen +1

Beyond Object-Level Alignment: Do Brains and DNNs Preserve the Same Transformations?

A new method, Naturality Violation Score (NVS), assesses if brains and DNNs preserve the same transformations among stimuli, revealing hierarchical alignment.

2605.06420May 7, 2026Yukiyasu Kamitani

A multi-scale information geometry reveals the structure of mutual information in neural populations

A multi-scale information geometry framework reveals how neural populations encode sensory information, linking directly to mutual information.

2605.06304May 7, 2026Simone Azeglio, Steeve Laquitaine, Ulisse Ferrari +1

Decoding Alignment without Encoding Alignment: A critique of similarity analysis in neuroscience

Decoding alignment metrics can be misleading, as similar representations may arise from small neural subsets; encoding analysis offers a more robust comparison.

2605.05907May 7, 2026Johannes Bertram, Luciano Dyballa, T. Anderson Keller +2

Think-Aloud Reshapes Automated Cognitive Model Discovery Beyond Behavior

This paper shows that using think-aloud data significantly improves automated cognitive model discovery, revealing mechanisms beyond behavioral data alone.

2605.05091May 6, 2026Hanbo Xie, Akshay K. Jagadish, Lan Pan +1

A Generalized Framework of Antisymmetric Polyspectral Indices for Identifying High-Order Neural Interactions

This paper introduces novel antisymmetric polyspectral indices to accurately identify high-order neural interactions, overcoming issues like volume conduction.

2605.04636May 6, 2026Alessio Basti, Rikkert Hindriks, Ruggero Freddi +4

Dissociating spatial frequency reliance from adversarial robustness advantages in neurally guided deep convolutional neural networks

Neurally aligned DCNNs' adversarial robustness isn't primarily driven by spatial frequency reliance, but by learning more human-like representations.

2605.04443May 6, 2026Zhenan Shao, Tianyu Ren, Chengxiao Wang +2
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